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Chart of Accounts (CoA)





The New Stony Brook
Chart of Accounts

Stony Brook University will be implementing a new Chart of Accounts as part of the Oracle Cloud transformation. The CoA is the basic structure used to categorize financial transactions to provide meaningful reporting in Oracle Cloud. 

You can learn more about the new CoA below, or download a PDF presentation deck that summarizes our initial efforts. 


CoA Fundamentals               CoA Benefits

FAQs                                                        CoA Definitions 




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CoA Fundamentals


Chart of accounts is comprised of multiple segments with each segment is separate definition put together to a specific structure. So, what is the chart?

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The chart of accounts is a set of pre-defined segments (in a pre-defined sequence), with a fixed list of values available under each segment

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Every segment is a critical dimension in representing some aspect of the business – legal, financial, operational, management – on the books for every transaction

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Every event on a transaction that has a financial impact generates accounting entries posting it to a combination of segment values in the General Ledger

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All segments may not be relevant for all transactions, but all segments of a combination entry is always mandatory and cannot be blank



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Chart of accounts can be a powerful tool in representing the business in financial terms for a number of stakeholders.

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Governing Principles: A new chart of accounts structure should begin with understanding and eliminating current pain points and establishing a flexible model for the future.

01. Usage: Develop a clear definition of usage of each segment of the chart.

One Segment - One Use: Do not create a segment that includes un-related dimensions of analysis.

(Example: Product Line: 100230, where first three numbers represent a location and the last three represent a product type)
02. Eliminate Redundancy: Develop the shortest possible list of segments and segment values that can support the financial reporting needs.

Avoid capturing data already available as attributes (eg. Journal Category).
03. Build for Future Growth: Include a future segment for expansion if required.

Ensure segments are long enough to provide the wide range of values in case of expansion.
04. Hierarchies: If two elements are related or captures similar details, then combine into a single segment.

Utilize hierarchies to represent the same information in multiple groups for maximize reporting capabilities.
05. Does Not Answer All Questions: Chart is not a replica of subledgers and does not provide transaction level analytics.

Supports management reporting, but is not the prime purpose.

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Steps to Being Well-Defined: A well-defined Chart caters to multiple stakeholders and ensures the business is effectively and accurately represented in financial terms.

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Understand how the CoA delivers performance insights: A well-designed CoA supports organizational information needs and is built on a foundation of consistent definitions of business attributes and data elements.

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Get more out of youCoA: Addition of more segments, driven by information requirements, can transform an organization’s ability to analyze its data through a multi-dimensional lens.

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Listen to the business – not every answer can be found in the CoA : Multi-dimensionaCoA that provides greater performance and analytical needs to be balanced with not overburdening the general ledger.

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Leverage technology but put the business first: Redesign is often triggered by system upgrade or new implementation. In addition to accounting and finance considerations, evaluate the management reporting and business analytical needs.

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Consider the governance modelCoA is a ‘living chart’ and will continue to evolve with business growth and external changes.

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Keep regulators happy… and your finance talent engaged: With increased regulatory pressure and ongoing need to respond to regulatory changes and requests for information, the GL can ease the reconciliation workload and need to manage data.


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Governance Model Impact Areas: Governance is a critical aspect of the maintenance of the Chart of Accounts.

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CoA Values and Hierarchies: Develop child and parent values for each CoA segment. Build account hierarchies in scope for Cloud. Financial balances are pre-aggregated at each parent level in the hierarchy, thus allowing fast and robust account inquiry and drill.

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Reporting: Analyze financial performance and prepare financial reports using CoA account data.

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Mapping Rules: Define, design, and build the mapping rules for the boundary applications.

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Boundary Applications: Define, design, and build the mapping rules for the boundary applications.


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Data Conversions: Develop a flexible mapping between legacy to Cloud ERP CoA. Determine the data conversion approach to convert sub-ledger transactions and GL balances using the new CoA structure and values.

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Allocations: Identify various rate-based, usage-base, and step-down allocations and validate CoA structure to support them.

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Cross-Validation Rules: Prevent invalid values to be combined with other values across different segments in CoA.

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Security Rules: Control access to parent and detail values in GL and subledgers.


 

Benefits


Our remodeled Chart of Accounts (CoA) will allow Stony Brook to better capture and categorize operational, managerial and external financial activities in a way that satisfies both our reporting needs and SUNY's required financial reporting. Other benefits include:

1. Improve the overall reporting environment.

- Provide a framework for monthly financial reports
- Provide full GAAP financial statements
- Provide a shared chart of accounts structure so campus users can continue to see all fund reporting
- Meet internal and external reporting and policy requirements administered by the State, Research Foundation, Stony Brook Foundation and Faculty Student association.

2. Create seamless data integration and synchronization between systems, particularly for comparing budget to actuals.

3. Enhance visibility into financial data which improves audit preparedness and reduces the risk of overspending.

4. Provide upload capabilities to SUNY.

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Frequently Asked Questions


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